Mausoleum.



No. 680,908. Patented Aug. 20, i901.

c; a. BLAKE. 4

MAUS() M.

l (Application le e 8, 1901.)

, No Model.)

. ze/wew# Y CHARLES G. BLAKE, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SPECIFIATIII forming part of Letters Patent No. 680,908, dated August 20, 1901.

Application filed February 8, 1901. Serial llo. 46,492. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that l, CHARLES Gf. BLAKE, of Chicago, in the county of Cool; and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mausoleums; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to mausoleum and like structures of masonry, and especially to Ventilating-openings in the walls thereof to aiford admission of air for ventilation and prevent the ingress of rain, sleet, and snow.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter set forth, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a View in perspective of the upper portion of a mausoleum having a Ventilating-opening madein accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a view somewhat enlarged in longitudinal vertical section through the courses of stone in which the opening is formed and through the opening. Fig. Sis a View in perspective of a block or course of masonry immediately above the opening, showing the upper half of the opening. Fig. at is a View in perspective of the block which forms a course of masonry iminediately below the opening and in which. the lower portion of the opening is formed.

' Referring to the drawings, A and B indicate two courses of stone in the wall of a mausoleum, tomb, or like structure, between which is formed a Ventilating opening C. Said Ventilating-opening C extends from the inner face of the wall obliquely downward to the outer face thereof. Said opening is made by cutting a recess 0/ in the lower face of the upper course or superimposed stone A and another similar recess C2 in the lower course or lowermost stone B. The top surface of the recess 0 in the upper course A and the bottom surface of the recess 02 in the lower course B are correspondingly inclined, so as to give an oblique direction to the Ventilatingope'ning as a whole. Said upper recess C has its upper or top surface inclined or obliq ue, extending from the lower face of the stone at its outer edge obliquely upward and inward,

so that its depth at the inner face of the stone A is sufficient to form a Ventilating-opening of proper size. Similarly the recess in the lower course B has its lower surface inclined or oblique, as shown, extending from the upper face of the course of stone B obliquely outward and downward to the outer face of the course of stone B, where it is wide enough to form a mouth or outer opening of the ventilating-aperture. Att-he inner face of the stone B the lower surface c2 does not reach quite to the inner face of the wall, but terminates in a rise or vertical surface d, which extends upwardly to the top surface of the stone or course B, thereby forming a transverse uinwardly-projecting ledge D, the top surface of which is iiush with the top of the stone or course B, and therefore in the same plane with the bottom of the stone A, it being of course understood that the meeting faces of the joints between the stone are horizontal, as required in all such masonry. A ventilating-opening thus formed by the recesses in the opposed faces of the courses or blocks of stone is inclined inwardly and upwardly from the outer to the inner face of the wall, thereby preventing rain or snow from being blown or drifting into the interior of the mausoleum. The vertical surface of the ledge D prevents rain or water which falls or is driven by the wind upon the lower surface of the opening from being forced inwardly upon said surface, so as to enter the interior of the mausoleum. Thebottomsurfaceof theopening being downwardly inclined, the water reaching the same will of course tend to flow out by gravity. Said opening may be provided, ii' required, with a grating or grill Gr. 0f course the recesses in the upper and lower courses may not be formed in the center of the stone, but may be formed at a vertical joint, in which case one of the recesses would be formed in two abutting stones or blocks. This construction in a ventiliating-opening is of course applicable only to a wall formed by stone arranged in courses, and its principal value is due to the relation of the opening to the horizontal joints between the courses, or, in other words, tothe fact that the recesses which together form the ventilating-opening are formed in the stone before the saine is laid, so that the opening may IOO be easily and inexpensively made in the blocks of hard stone common to such structures, suchvas granite, marble, &c. In cases of a wall of such thickness as to require two or more thicknesses of masonry such recesses will be formed in the horizontal courses in the same manner as hereinbefore described; but the courses will extend from face to face of the wall through the facing-stones and the filling-stones. In either case the recesses are l easily cut in the stone before the same are laid in position, and as they are relatively shallow for the size of the stone they are formedwith a minimum of labor and consequent little expense. They may be placed in any convenient position, as :required by the plans of mausoleum or tomb, and owing to their peculiar formation give ready access to the air,while effectually excluding rain, sleet, or ice, the main axis of the opening being practically horizontal, so that currents of air from the outside may easily reach the interior of the mausoleum. The fact that the interior of a mausoleum or tomb is practically the same in temperature as the exterior atmosphere prevents the usual formation of drafts andlocal currents, which allow the more complicated form of opening common to buildings whose interiors are heated and make it desirable that the opening should be as nearly horizontal as possible. The form of opening herein described gives practically no resistance to the entrance of the air, while effectually preventing the driving in of rain, snow, and sleet.

I claim as my invention- 1. The wall of a mausoleum or like structure provided between two courses or blocks of stone in such wall with a Ventilating-opening extending obliquely downward from the inner to the outer face of the wall, such opening being formed partially by a recess in the course or block of stone above the horizontal joint between said courses or blocks and partially by a recess in the course or block of stone below said joint.

2. The wall of a mausoleum or like structure provided between two courses or blocks of stonein said wall with a Ventilating-opening extending obliquely downward from the inner to the outer face of the wall and formed by recesses in the courses or blocks above and below the jointbetween said courses or blocks, the courses or blocks being provided at the inner end of the inclined bottom surface of the recess therein with a ledge extending across the said opening.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I affix my signature, in ypresence of two witnesses, this 29th day of January, A. D. 1901.

CHARLES G. BLAKE.

Witnesses:

O. CLARENCE POOLE, WILLIAM L. HALL. 

